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・ Cyclic neutropenia
・ Cyclic nucleotide
・ Cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta 3
・ Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
・ Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain
・ Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1
・ Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 2
・ Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 3
・ Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 4
・ Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel
・ Cyclic number
・ Cyclic number (group theory)
・ Cyclic olefin copolymer
・ Cyclic order
・ Cyclic ozone
Cyclic peptide
・ Cyclic permutation
・ Cyclic Poets
・ Cyclic polytope
・ Cyclic prefix
・ Cyclic pump
・ Cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate
・ Cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase
・ Cyclic quadrilateral
・ Cyclic reduction
・ Cyclic redundancy check
・ Cyclic salt
・ Cyclic sediments
・ Cyclic set
・ Cyclic sieving


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Cyclic peptide : ウィキペディア英語版
Cyclic peptide

Cyclic peptides (or cyclic proteins) are polypeptide chains wherein the amino termini and carboxyl termini, amino termini and side chain, carboxyl termini and side chain, or side chain and side chain are linked with a covalent bond that generates the ring. A number of cyclic peptides have been discovered in nature and a plethora have been synthesized in the laboratory. Their length ranges from just two amino acid residues to hundreds. These cyclic peptides have several applications in medicine and biology.
==Classification of cyclic peptides==
Cyclic peptides can be classified according to the types of bonds that comprise the ring.
*Homodetic cyclic peptides, such as cyclosporine A, are those in which the ring is composed exclusively of normal peptide bonds (i.e. between the alpha carboxyl of one residue to the alpha amine of another). The smallest such species are 2,5-diketopiperazines, being derived from the cyclisaation of a dipeptide.
*Cyclic isopeptides contain at least one non-alpha amide linkage, such as a linkage between the side chain of one residue to the alpha carboxyl group of another residue, as in microcystin and bacitracin.
*Cyclic depsipeptides, such as aureobasidin A and HUN-7293, have at least one lactone (ester) linkage in place of one of the amides. Some cyclic depsipeptides are cyclized between the C-terminal carboxyl and the side chain of a Thr or Ser residue in the chain, such as kahalalide F, theonellapeptolide, and didemnin B.
*Bicyclic peptides such as the amatoxin amanitin and the phallotoxin phalloidin contain a bridging group, generally between two of the side chains. In the amatoxins, this bridge is formed as a thioether between the Trp and Cys residues. Other bicyclic peptides include echinomycin, triostin A, and Celogentin C. There are a number of cyclic peptide hormones which are cyclized through a disulfide bond between two cysteines, as in somatostatin and oxytocin.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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